Bolt-gun.



PATENTED FEB. 14, 1905.

BOLT GUN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1s, 1904 T. G. BENNETT.

@Mrap @raras Patented February 14, 1905.

,PATENT Ottica,

THOMAS Gr. BENNETT, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO VVINCHESTER REPEATING ARMS CO., OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTI- CUT, A CORPORATION.

BOLT-GUN.

SPECIFICATION' forming part of Letters Patent No. 782,716, dated February 14, 1905.

Application filed June 13, 1904. Serial No. 212,260.

.T @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I. THOMAS G. BENNETT, of New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bolt-Guns; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the numerals of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in-

Figure 1, a broken view of a bolt-gun constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig'. 2, a broken View thereof in vertical longitudinal section; Fig. 3, a detached reverse plan view of the bolt and firing-pin; Fig. 4, a detached view, in vertical longitudinal section, of the firing-pin; Fig. 5, a detached reverse plan view thereof; Fig. 6, a detached view of the firing-pin in rear elevation, showing its operating-button; Fig. 7, a detached perspective vicw of the combined part.

My invention relates to an improvement in the rotary-bolt thumb-trigger gun shown and described in United States Patent No. 632,090, granted August 29, 1899, to the Winchester Repeating Arms Co. on my application, the object being to simplify the construction of that gun and to increase its eiiiciency and safety.

1V ith these ends in view my invention consists in certain details of construction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In carrying out my invention as herein shown I employ a long bar-like combined part 2, made in one piece and having fiat parallel sides. This part, which is longitudinally and vertically movable, is formed at its extreme rear end with a downwardly-inclined roughened projection forming a trigger 3. The upper portion of the trigger merges into a sear 4, the top of which contains a rearwardly-opening relatively deep scar-notch 5, which is located above and a little forward of the trigger. Under this construction the trigger and sear are brought so close together that the leverage between them 1s reduced to the mm1- mum, with great resulting advantage, as wlll be explained later on. Indeed, the trigger 5 may be said to constitute a rearward lingerlike projection from the sear.` The upper edge of the said combined 'part 2 is formed directly in front of the Sear-notch 5 with a long clearance-cut 6. At a point directly in front of the cut 6 the upper edge of the combined part 2 is formed with a Sear-clearance cam 7, the rear end of which rises toabout the height of the top of the sear. The forward end of the cam 7 merges into the shank 8 of the combined part. At the forward end of the shank 8 the said part is formed upon its upper face with a bolt-stop 9, elongated in form, having rounded ends and a fiat top. The said boltstop is located at the rear end of what may be called the body 10 of the combined part. The Lipper face of the said body is flat, while its lower face is formed with a cam 1l, which coacts with a flat leaf-like spring 12, extending forward under the barrel 13 of the gun.

At a point in front of the cam 11 the said part 2 is provided with a locking-pin 14, projecting above its upper edge and coacting with a corresponding pin 15, mounted in the lower face of the forward end of the bolt 16. These pins 14 and 15 correspond in arrangement and function to similar pins fully shown and described in my said prior patent and need no detailed description at this time. In front of the pin 14 the part 2 is furnished with a transverselyarranged pivot-pin 17, having a fiat upper face which rests against and slides upon the lower face of the barrel 13 and forms a pivot for the combined part to swing upon either when depressed at its rear end and by its trigger 3 for the firing of the gun or when depressed by the riding of the bolt 16 over the scar-clearance cam 7, which is engaged by a bevel 16a at the rear end of the bolt. It will be understood that the pin 17 is held up against the lower .face of the barrel 13 bythe said spring 12. Near its forward end the said combined part 2 is furnished with an extractor 20 in the form of a tooth rising from the upper edge ofthe part. As the said part is -moved back and forth the pin 17 rides upon the under face of the barrel.

A rearwardly opening vertical slot 21,

formed in the stock 22, receives the combined part 2, barring the upper portion of its forward end which enters a longitudinal slot 23, formed in the lower face of the bolt-housing 211, which forms a rearward extension of the barrel 13, with which it is made integral, the said longitudinal slot 23 extending forward into the barrel.

The breech-bolt 16 has movement back and forth in a right line, as well as a rotary locking movement, and is provided forward of its center with a laterally-extending handle 25, which locks it in its recoil-taking position by engaging with a locking-abutment 26, formed by the right-hand portion of the rear wall of the ejecting-opening 27 in the forward part of the barrel extension 24, the rearward portion of which is formed with a handle-slot 28, in which the handle plays back and forth when the bolt is being opened and closed. The said bolt is formed. with a longitudinal chamber 29, entering it from its rear end and extending forward nearly to its forward end and receiving the firing-pin 19, which is furnished at its extreme forward end with an eccentrically-arranged iring-nose 30, which plays through a small firing-hole 3l, leading out of the forward end of the chamber 29. The firing-pin 19 is formed with a longitudinal chamber 32 for the reception of the firingpin spring 33, the forward end of which abuts against the forward end of the said chamber 32, while its rear end abuts against a transversely-arranged pin 34, mounted in the rear end of the bolt 16 and passing through a clearance-slot 35 in the rear end of the firing-pin. The extreme rear end of the chamber 32 in the firing-pin receives the stem 36 of the operating-button 18, which is secured in place by a pin 37 passing through the rear end of the firing-pin and through the said stem.

The operating-button 18 has its lower edge formed with a lockingnotch 38, having straight side walls which coact with the side walls of the part 2 at the ends of the searnotch to lock the bolt in its rotated recoiltaking position, at which time the shank of the bolt-handle is engaged with the recoilabutment 26, already described.

The bolt-stop 9 of the combined part 2 enters an opening 39, formed in the lower face of the bolt 16, the forward end of the said opening forming a stop-shoulder 40, coacting with the forward end of the stop to limit the rearward movement of the bolt in a right line, while the left-hand wall 41 of the opening coacts with the left-hand face of the stop to limit the rotary movement of the bolt, so that when the said wall 41 is brought into engagement with the stop the bolt-handle 25 will be in line with the handle-slot 28 in the barrel extension 24. It will be understood, of course, that the main rear portion of the opening 39 is laterally enlarged to provide clearance to permit the bolt to be rotated from left to right in being moved into the recoil-taking position, and vice versa.

Under my improved construction the trig ger 3 and sear 74e are located so close together that the leverage required for the operation of the sear 1 is reduced to the minimum. This makes the trigger 3 operable on a relatively slight movement without making the gun unsafe, for the safety of the gun depends upon the depth of the scar-notch 5 and the scar-notch 5 in this case will correspond in depth to the entire movement of the trigger 3 in being depressed for discharging the gun. The searnotch 5 may, therefore, be made relatively deep and the trigger 3 still require but a slight movement for its operation. Furthermore, my improved construction is very safe, for the vreason that there is so little metal to the rear of the Sear-notch 5 that any jarring of the gun will not have a tendency to jar the sear 4: off the bottom 18 of the firingpin 19, as would be the case if there were considerable weight of metal extending rearward from the Sear-notch 5--for instance, as in the gun of my prior patent. By locating the sear at the rear end of the combined part and adapting it to coact with the operatingbutton at the rear end of the firing-pin I avoid cutting into the lower face of the firingpin to adapt it to coact with the top of the bolt-stop, as in the gun of my prior patent, as well as shaping the top of the bolt-stop to adapt it to act as a sear. This avoids weakening the firing-pin as the result of cutting it away, as well as the expense of all this extra labor on the firing-pin and bolt-stop. Furthermore, it avoids the working of dirt or other matter into the chamber of the firingpinl as must occur when it is cut into for coaction with the sear, as in my prior patent. Tt will also be observed that under my improved construction the sear, as well as the trigger, is exposed and readily accessible at a point to the rear of the firing-pin and bolt when the bolt is closed. This enables the sear to be given any attention that may be required with the minimum of trouble and also permits it to be filed and honed and timed by the owner of the gun without taking the same apart.

In closing the gun the forward end of the bolt engages with the extractor 20, whereby the combined part 2 is pushed forward to thc limit of its forward movement, which it reaches at the same time the bolt 16 reaches the limit of its forward movement, after which the bolt is turned from left to right by its handle 25 into its locked and recoil-taking position. The operating-button 18 is now grasped and the iring-pin 19 retracted against the tension of its spring 33. As the firing-pin 19 is retracted the said button 18 rides over the sear 4;, whereby the same is depressed, the whole combined part now swinging on its pivot 17 against the tension of the spring 12. Just as soon as the IOO IIO

inner or forward face of the button 18 passes to the rear of the vertical wall of the searnotch 5 the combined part 2 is lifted by the said spring' 12 and the searengaged with the button 18, cooking the gun and lifting the sear into the locking-notch 38 of the button, whereby the combined part 2 acts through the button 8, the firing-pin 19, and the pin 34 in locking' the bolt in its recoil-taking position, so that no jarring or handling of the gun or accidental blow upon the handle can turn the bolt into its unlocked position at the time of firing.

When the gun is fired, the button 18 moves forward into the clearance-cut 6 of the combined part 2, in which position its lockingnotch 38 is cleared from the combined part, so that the bolt may be turned by its handle back into its unlocked position. Now when the handle is employed for retracting the bolt the beveled rear end 16u of the bolt engages almost immediately with the sear-clearance cam 7, whereby the combined part 2 is depressed, so that as the bolt and firing-pin are moved rearward the button passes over the top of the sear 4 without engagement therewith, the said bevel of the bolt riding back over the high point of the cam 7, whereby' the sear is kept in its depressed position while the bolt is being moved back to the limit of its rearward movement and also while it is being moved forward until the bolt rides off the cam 7, at which time the button is over the clearancecut 6 in the combined part 2, which is now lifted by its spring 12. The parts are now in position for cooking the gun by the retraction of the button, which effects its engagement with the sear 4 of the part 2.

It is thought that it is unnecessary to enter further into the operation of my improved gun, inasmuch as the operation thereof, except as specified, corresponds to the operation of the gun of my patent herein referred to.

It is apparent that in carrying out my invention some changes from the construction herein shown and described may be made. I would therefore have it understood that I do not limit myself thereto, but hold myself at liberty to make such departures therefrom as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a bolt-gun,the combination with a bolt, of a firing-pin located therein, and a longitudinally and vertically movable combined part located beneath the said bolt and projecting rearward therefrom and furnished at its rear end with a trigger and sear exposed back of and with a trigger which are exposed at a point back of the rear end of the bolt when the same is in its closed position, and the said sear coacting with the said operating-button and located close to the trigger.

3. In a rotary-bolt gun, the combination with a rotary bolt, of a firing-pin located therein, an operating-button carried by the projecting rear end of the said firing-pin, anda longitudinally and vertically movable combined extractor, bolt-stop, sear, and triggerlocated below the bolt and havingI its sear and trigger placed at its rear end in position to be exposed back of the rear end of the bolt when the same is in its closed position, the said sear and trigger being located close together and the sear being formed with a sear-notch which coacts with the lower edge of the said button.

1i. In a bolt-gun,the combination with a bolt, of a firing-pin therein, an operating-button carried by the rear end of the firing-pin and formed in its lower edge with a locking-notch, and a longitudinally and vertically movable combined part comprising an extractor, aboltstop, a sear, and a trigger, the said sear and trigger being located close together at the rear end of the said part, and the sear coacting with the operating-button and entering the locking-notch thereof to lock the bolt in its rotated or recoil-taking' position.

5. In a gun, the combination with arotary bolt, of a firing-pin therein, an operating-button carried by the rear end of the firing-pin, and a longitudinally and vertically movable combined part comprising an extractor, a boltstop, a sear-clearance cam, a sear and a trigger, the sear and trigger being close together at the rear end of the said part, and the said sear-clearance cam coacting' with the bolt to depress the said combined part so as to clear the sear from the operating-button during the longitudinal movement of the bolt.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses;

THOMAS Gr. BENNETT. W'itnesses:

DANIEL H. VEADER, THoMAs C. JoHNsoN.

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